Endometriosis is a condition in which a layer of tissue analogous to the uterine lining (endometrium), develops outside of the uterus. Endometrial tissue outside the uterus responds to hormonal changes, causing inflammation, pain, and the formation of adhesions and scar tissue.
Signs and Symptoms of Endometriosis
- Painful periods
- Pain during or after sex
- Pain in the lower abdomen or back
- Vaginal bleeding between periods
- Heavy or frequent vaginal bleeding
- Infertility
One may experience weakness, diarrhoea, constipation, bloating or nausea, especially during menstrual periods.
Causes of Endometriosis
The exact cause of endometriosis is unknown, but it may be caused due to retrograde menstruation, hormonal factors, immune dysfunction, and genetic predisposition.
Understanding Endometriosis in Ayurveda
Ayurveda attributes endometriosis to an imbalance in the doshas, particularly Vata and Pitta. According to the principles of Ayurveda, irregular menstrual flow and improper diet can aggravate these doshas, accumulating toxins in the pelvic region. These toxins are believed to impair the body’s natural cleansing mechanisms, causing endometrial tissue to implant and grow outside the uterus.
Treatment and Management
Treatment includes pain management (NSAIDs), hormonal therapies (birth control pills, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists), and surgery (laparoscopy) to remove endometrial implants or adhesions.
The palliative care provided by SGP’s PSA for endometriosis aims to relieve pain through a combination of medications, such as painkillers and hormonal therapies. It also focuses on emotional support, counselling, and education to help individuals manage the emotional and psychological impact of the disease.
FAQs about Endometriosis
-
No, endometriosis does not impact fertility in all cases. Its impact varies from one person to another depending on the underlying cause and treatment response. With appropriate medical guidance, most women with endometriosis can conceive.
-
Yes, endometriosis is typically categorized into four stages (I-IV) based on the extent and severity of the disease. Stage I – minimal, Stage II- mild, Stage III- moderate, and Stage IV- severe.
-
Endometriosis is typically diagnosed through pelvic exams, imaging tests or laparoscopic surgery, in which a small camera is inserted into the abdomen to visualize and biopsy abnormal tissue growth. Symptoms and medical history may also be considered in diagnosis.
-
If left untreated, endometriosis can cause infertility, ovarian cysts, urinary bladder problems (including bowel obstruction), and increased pelvic infections. So, it is advised to get treated as soon as the diagnosis is confirmed.
-
There are no definitive preventive measures for endometriosis, but early diagnosis and management can help mitigate its impact.
