Dementia is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by a decline in cognitive function, including memory, reasoning, and communication. It often results from conditions like Alzheimer’s disease. Dementia can profoundly impact an individual’s daily life and their ability to perform routine tasks. As the condition progresses, individuals require more support and care. Dementia has significant societal and healthcare implications, making research, diagnosis, and compassionate caregiving essential.

Signs and Symptoms of Dementia

• Memory loss
• Problems communicating
• Trouble with spatial and visual abilities
• Trouble performing complex tasks
• Trouble with planning and organizing
• Poor coordination
• Confusion
• Personality changes
• Depression
• Anxiety
• Agitation
• Hallucinations

Causes of Dementia
Dementia is a condition caused by various diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease etc. that damage brain cells. The damaged brain cells are unable to communicate with each other leading to cognitive function decline.

Understanding Dementia in Ayurveda
According to Ayurveda, Dementia may be caused due to imbalances in the Vata dosha. There is no single cause that impairs the normal functioning of the brain or causes damage to brain cells. However, a variety of lifestyle choices, such as alcohol consumption, smoking, and excessive stress, can lead to the gradual deterioration of brain cells, thus aggravating Vata in the brain.

Treatment and Management
Treatment for dementia focuses on symptom management and improving quality of life. Medications like cholinesterase inhibitors can help with memory and cognitive function. Non-pharmacological interventions include cognitive stimulation, physical activity, and emotional support. Caregiver assistance and creating a dementia-friendly environment are also essential components of treatment.
Care offered by SGP’s PSA has been demonstrated to be effective in alleviating symptoms and enhancing the quality of life for patients with dementia. The primary focus of care delivered by the PSA is to manage symptoms, address emotional and psychological distress, and improve overall comfort.

FAQs about Dementia

1. How is dementia diagnosed?

   Dementia is typically diagnosed through cognitive and memory assessments, medical history, and imaging tests including MRI, CT scan etc.

2. Can dementia affect a person’s ability to swallow?

   Yes, advanced dementia can lead to dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, which increases the risk of choking and aspiration pneumonia.

3. Is there a link between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the development of dementia?

   Severe or repeated TBIs have been associated with an increased risk of developing certain types of dementia, like Alzheimer’s disease.

4. At what age can dementia occur? 

   Dementia typically affects individuals aged 65 and above, however, it may also affect individuals aged between 30 to 50 years (young-onset dementia).

5. What foods can help lower the risk of dementia?

   A diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, and cereals and low in processed meats and refined sugars may be beneficial in reducing the risk of developing dementia.