Anemia is a condition in which there is a deficiency of healthy red blood cells, or hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that facilitates the transport of oxygen from the lungs to all other organs of the body. Anemia can be short-term or long-lasting. It can also be indicative of conditions such as chronic kidney disease, ulcerative colitis, cancer, or rheumatoid arthritis.

Signs and Symptoms of Anemia
Symptoms of anemia vary depending on the underlying cause and the severity of the disease. Anemia may be mild enough to cause no symptoms initially. However, symptoms typically appear and worsen as anemia progresses. Possible symptoms of anemia include:

• Tiredness
• Weakness
• Shortness of breath
• Pale or yellowish skin
• Irregular heartbeat
• Dizziness
• Chest pain
• Cold hands and feet
• Headaches

Causes of anemia

• Iron deficiency
• Vitamin B12 deficiency
• Folate deficiency
• Certain medicines
• Immune system problems
• Pregnancy
• Chronic diseases

Understanding Anemia in Ayurveda
In Ayurveda, anemia is known as “Pandu Roga” or “Pandu,”. It primarily arises due to imbalances in the Pitta, Vata, and Kapha doshas.
Vataj (Vata-type anemia): Individuals with Vata-type anemia may experience yellowish complexion, dryness of the skin, pain in the joints, constipation, body pain, tremors, and bad taste in the mouth.
Pittaj (Pitta-type anemia): Individuals with Pitta-type anemia may experience yellowing of whites of their eyes, fever, excessive thirst, sweating, indigestion, bad breath, loose stools, and sensitivity to light.
Kaphaj (Kapha-type anemia): Individuals with Kapha-type anemia may experience swelling, sweaty skin, drowsiness, chalky complexion, chills, weakness, cough, and whitish colour in urine, and feces.

Treatment and Management
Anemia can be managed through dietary modifications or taking supplements (folic acid). Additionally, if anemia is caused by a chronic condition such as cancer or kidney disease, certain medications or blood transfusions may be recommended to stimulate red blood cell production.
Care offered by SGP’s PSA has been demonstrated to be effective in alleviating symptoms and enhancing the quality of life for patients with anemia. The primary focus of care delivered by the PSA is to manage symptoms, address emotional and psychological distress, and improve overall comfort.

FAQs about Anemia

1. How is anemia diagnosed?

   Anemia is typically diagnosed through blood tests, including complete blood count (CBC), which measures the levels of hemoglobin and other blood components.

2. Are there specific populations more at risk for anemia?

   Yes, populations at higher risk of anemia include pregnant women, young children, the elderly, and individuals with chronic medical conditions such as kidney disease.

3. Can anemia have long-term health consequences?

   Yes, untreated or chronic anemia can lead to more severe health problems, including heart issues, developmental delays in children, and worsened quality of life.

4. Can anemia be prevented? 

   Preventing anemia involves maintaining a balanced diet, rich in essential nutrients, such as iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid. Regular health check-ups can also help in early detection and management of anemia.

5. Is anemia always a standalone condition, or can it be a symptom of other health issues?

   Anemia can be a standalone condition or a symptom of various underlying health problems, such as chronic kidney disease or inflammatory disorders.