Introduction

GERD occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter weakens or relaxes inappropriately, allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. Chronic acid reflux causes irritation and inflammation of the esophageal lining leading to improper digestion of food.

Signs and Symptoms of GERD

• Heartburn or chest pain
• Nausea
• Regurgitation
• Hiccups
• Sore throat
• Hoarseness
• Cough or wheezing
• Difficulty swallowing
• Feeling of food being stuck in the throat

Symptoms can get worse at night and when you’re bending over, lying down, or after eating.  

Causes of GERD

Factors that can cause GERD include being overweight or obese, being pregnant, smoking or being exposed to smoke, certain medications, hiatal hernia, and certain lifestyle factors.

Understanding GERD in Ayurveda

According to Ayurveda, GERD is referred to as AmlaPitta. This occurs when the Pitta component of the body which regulates digestion has excess acidic levels i.e. “Amlata”.

AmlaPitta causes acid reflux, heartburn (Hrit Daha), a sour taste in the mouth (Tikta Udgara), and indigestion (Avipaka). Since the concentration of acid in the gastrointestinal tract is always high, the Kapha and the Vata of the body are also affected. This leads to other unpleasant symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, bad breath, chest pain and difficulty swallowing food.

Treatment and Management

Lifestyle modifications (dietary changes, weight loss), medications (proton pump inhibitors, H2 blockers), and, in severe cases, surgery (fundoplication) may be recommended to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.

Palliative care provided by SGP’s PSA for gastroesophageal reflux disease focuses on symptom management through medications, dietary modifications, and lifestyle changes. It aims to alleviate symptoms such as heartburn, chest pain, improve nutritional status, and enhance overall well-being.

FAQs about GERD

1. What’s the best position to sleep if I have GERD?

   The effects of gravity, the curvature of the abdomen, and the angle at which the stomach connects to the esophagus can significantly contribute to the reduction of acid reflux. Studies have shown that if you sleep on your left side, you’re less likely to have reflux issues.

2. Does GERD cause dehydration?

   GERD can lead to dehydration due to the scarring caused by excessive stomach acid. The scar tissue accumulates over time, leading to narrowing of the walls of the esophagus, which prevents the absorption of nutrients and water.

3. How long does it take for the inflammation of the stomach lining to resolve?

   Depending on the severity of the condition, esophagitis (inflammation of the lining of the stomach) caused by GERD can heal in as little as 8 weeks with effective lifestyle changes and medication.

4. What foods are good to eat if I have GERD? 

   Citrus fruits are not recommended for people with GERD. However, you can consume fruits like bananas, melon, apples, and pears. Foods that help prevent acid reflux include green vegetables, root vegetables, whole grains, rice, couscous, lean meats, and other plant-based foods.

5. Can untreated GERD progress to cancer?

   GERD is not directly associated with cancer; however, it may result in the development of a more severe condition known as Barrett’s esophagus which may increase the risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma.