Introduction

Constipation is a condition in which a person is having uncomfortable or irregular bowel movements. Usually, a person is considered to be constipated when their bowel movements produce small amounts of dry, hard stool, usually less than 3 times a week. However, normal stool elimination can range from 3 times a day to more than 3 times a week, depending on the digestive system’s functioning.

Signs and Symptoms of Chronic Constipation

• Abdominal pain
• Bloating
• Feeling sluggish
• Difficult and painful bowel movements
• Bowel movements less than three times a week
• Hard, dry, or lumpy stools

Causes of Chronic Constipation

• Changes in the dietary habits
• Not drinking enough water
• Lack of fibre in your diet
• Lack of physical activity
• Resisting the urge to poop
• Overuse of laxatives
• Eating disorders
• Certain medications

Understanding Chronic Constipation in Ayurveda

According to Ayurveda, constipation is often referred to as “Vibandha.” It occurs due to Vata imbalance and accumulation of toxins (Ama) in the body. The consumption of a diet that encourages Vata, which is light, dry, and airy, can lead to an imbalance of Vata. Ayurvedic practices such as suppressing Vata or natural processes, such as Flatus, as well as the consumption of astringent and pungent foods (e.g. beans, dried fruits, apple, pears), lack of sleep, or travel are also associated with constipation.

Treatment and Management

Treatment for constipation typically involve dietary and lifestyle modifications to improve the rate at which stool passes through the digestive tract. Additionally, your healthcare provider may modify the medications you are taking if they are contributing to or exacerbating constipation.

Palliative care provided by SGP’s PSA for constipation disease focuses on symptom management through medications, dietary modifications, and lifestyle changes. It aims to alleviate symptoms such as abdominal pain, and bloating, improve nutritional status, and enhance overall well-being by providing emotional and psychological support.

FAQs about Chronic Constipation

1. Can stress and anxiety cause constipation?

   Anxiety and heightened emotions can lead to or exacerbate constipation. If this occurs frequently, it is recommended to consult a physician who may be able to provide treatment options that can help manage constipation and the stress associated with it.

2. How long does it take to treat constipation?

   Depending on the underlying cause and type of treatment you choose, chronic constipation can take anywhere between a few days to several weeks, to treat. Laxatives usually resolve your constipation in less than 3 days. If you choose to treat constipation with diet, it may take several weeks for symptoms to improve.

3. How does constipation affect my skin?

   When your digestive system is blocked from digesting food, your body tries to get rid of the toxins through your skin. This can lead to skin spots, marks, and rashes. Other skin issues that can be caused by constipation include dark circles, puffiness under the eyes, and acne.

4. What happens if chronic constipation is not treated? 

   If constipation is not treated promptly, it can cause adverse health outcomes, including haemorrhoids, anal fissures, faecal obstruction and rectal rupture, as well as other health conditions that can have a long-term impact on general health. Therefore, it is essential to seek medical attention as soon as constipation is diagnosed.

5. What are the ways to reduce constipation?

   To prevent constipation, it is recommended to consume a high amount of fibre-rich foods, such as vegetables, fruits, beans, and whole grains. It is important to limit the intake of processed foods, dairy products, and meats. Drink plenty of fluids, stay physically active, and create a regular schedule for passing stool, particularly after meals.