Cardiology
A Guide for the Common Man
Introduction
Heart Disease, also known as cardiovascular disease, is used to describe heart malfunctions. Although heart disease is the leading cause of death in the world, many heart-related conditions can be prevented and managed. In this article, we aim to provide information on the causes of heart disease, the various forms of heart disease, and available treatments.
What is Heart Disease?
Heart disease is a broad phrase that encompasses a wide range of cardiac disorders. The most common and well-known heart disease is coronary artery disease. Coronary artery disease (CAD) causes a build-up of fat and cholesterol in the arteries of the heart, which can lead to a heart attack.
End-stage heart failure is the most severe and advanced kind of heart disease. In this condition, the heart cannot pump sufficient blood to keep up with the demands of the body. The heart’s pumping capacity is severely compromised in end-stage heart failure and the disease has advanced to a critical stage.
CAD and other heart diseases can be prevented or treated through healthy lifestyle choices, medications, and surgical procedures.
Types of Heart Disease
Common Symptoms of Heart Disease
Causes of Heart Disease
Understanding Heart Disease in Ayurveda
In Ayurveda, heart disease is commonly referred to as "Hridroga". The prevalence of heart disease worldwide is largely attributed to an inactive lifestyle and high levels of stress, which lead to an imbalance in the doshas, primarily Vata and Kapha. Let's delve into this perspective:
Treatment and Management
Treatment options for heart disease aim to alleviate symptoms, improve quality of life, and potentially prolong survival
Conclusion
Heart disease is typically used to refer to conditions that involve narrowing or obstructing blood vessels. These blood vessel disorders can result in chest pain, heart attacks, or even stroke. Heart disease is much easier to manage and treat if diagnosed early. If you’re concerned about your heart health, consult a healthcare provider who can provide guidance and treatment options tailored to your specific needs.
Frequently Asked Questions
It is possible. Heart attacks happen when your heart is deprived of oxygen, which causes damage to your heart muscle. This damage can affect your heart’s ability to pump blood around your body. Sometimes, the damage isn’t severe enough to impact pumping. In other cases, the damage can cause scar tissue to form on your heart, which can affect pumping function.
You are more likely to have another heart attack once you’ve had one. This is because the underlying factors of your first heart attack may still be present, and your heart muscle is already damaged. You need to take certain steps to reduce your risk of having another heart attack. Each heart attack case is different, and your healthcare provider will create a comprehensive treatment plan. Generally, management steps include:
- Taking prescribed medications
- Committing to a cardiac rehabilitation program
- Attending follow-up appointments
- Undergoing recommended diagnostic procedures
- Making lifestyle changes
- Controlling related medical conditions, such as diabetes
Starting at 20 years of age, adults should have their blood pressure checked every two years, their cholesterol checked every five years, and their body mass index (BMI) checked at every regular health care visit. Starting at 45 years of age, they should have their blood glucose levels checked every three years. Additional screening may be necessary for individuals with diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, smoking habits, and/or a family history of cardiovascular disease or stroke.
Heart attack symptoms vary between men and women. Chest pain is the most common symptom of a heart attack in both men and women. However, in approximately 20% of cases, women do not experience chest pain during a heart attack. Women are more likely to experience less obvious symptoms, such as difficulty breathing, numbness in the extremities such as arms, legs, neck, or jaw, or discomfort in the abdomen or upper back. Additionally, women may experience nausea and dizziness during a heart attack.
Aspirin can be beneficial in patients with pre-existing heart disease such as stroke, atherosclerosis, or well-controlled high blood pressure. However, even low doses of aspirin may slightly increase the risk of bleeding into the brain. Therefore, aspirin is generally not recommended for low-risk individuals who have not yet experienced a heart attack or stroke. Consult a healthcare professional before taking any medications.
